1、docker ps 列出所有容器
2、docker images 查看docker镜像
3、docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG…] 运行容器
4、docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash 运行交互式容器
docker exec -it oms_python3 bash
5、container id
6、docker logs CONTAINER ID 查看指定容器的输出
7、docker stop CONTAINER ID 停止指定容器
8、docker-compose logs -f 查看容器内的log文件
9、docker stats CONTAINER ID 查看docker占用的系统资源
镜像的一个实例称为容器。 你有一个镜像，这是你描述的一组图层。 如果你开始这个镜像，你有一个运行这个镜像的容器。 您可以拥有许多相同镜像的正在运行的容器。
docker images
查看所有镜像
docker ps
查看正在运行的容器
docker ps -a
查看所有容器
一个镜像的运行实例就是一个容器。
参考：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23735149/what-is-the-difference-between-a-docker-image-and-a-container
Docker常见用法整理
Docker 使用客户端-服务器 (C/S) 架构模式，使用远程API来管理和创建Docker容器。
Docker 容器通过 Docker 镜像来创建。容器与镜像的关系类似于面向对象编程中的对象与类。
进入docker查看当前内核版本
uname -r
镜像加速
在/etc/docker/daemon.json中写入:
{
“registry-mirrors”: [“http://hub-mirror.c.163.com”]
}
启动docker后台服务
sudo service docker start
docker容器内运行应用程序
runoob@runoob:~$ docker run ubuntu:15.10 /bin/echo “Hello world”
Hello world
docker：Docker 的二进制执行文件。
run: 与前面的 docker 组合来运行一个容器。
ubuntu: 15.10指定要运行的镜像，Docker首先从本地主机上查找镜像是否存在，如果不存在，Docker 就会从镜像仓库 Docker Hub 下载公共镜像。
/bin/echo “Hello world”: 在启动的容器里执行的命令
交互式的容器
runoob@runoob:~$ docker run -i -t ubuntu:15.10 /bin/bash
root@dc0050c79503:/
通过docker的两个参数 -i -t，让docker运行的容器实现”对话”的能力
t:在新容器内指定一个伪终端或终端。
i: 允许你对容器内的标准输入 (STDIN) 进行交互。
进入容器使用cat /proc/version查看当前系统的版本信息。
查看容器是否在运行
docker ps
启动容器
docker start 容器名
重启容器
docker restart 容器名
停止容器
docker stop 容器名
移除容器
docker rm determined_swanson
检查容器
docker inspect determined_swanson
杀死正在运行的容器
runoob@runoob:~$ docker kill -s KILL mynginx
mynginx
查看docker环境信息
sudo docker info #检查docker是否正确安装
列出镜像列表
docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu 14.04 90d5884b1ee0 5 days ago 188 MB
搜索镜像
docker search httpd
拉取镜像
docker pull training/webapp
更新镜像
先使用镜像来创建一个容器。
docker run -t -i ubuntu:15.10 /bin/bash
root@e218edb10161:/# apt-get update #命令进行更新。
提交更新镜像。
runoob@runoob:~$ docker commit -m=”has update” -a=”runoob” e218edb10161 runoob/ubuntu:v2
sha256:70bf1840fd7c0d2d8ef0a42a817eb29f854c1af8f7c59fc03ac7bdee9545aff8
-m:提交的描述信息
-a:指定镜像作者
e218edb10161:容器ID
runoob/ubuntu:v2:指定要创建的目标镜像名
查看WEB应用程序日志
docker logs -f 7a38a1ad55c6
查看端口映射
docker port 7a38a1ad55c6
5000/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:5000
运行镜像生成容器
docker run -d -p 5000:5000 training/webapp python app.py
-d:让容器在后台运行。
-P :是容器内部端口随机映射到主机的端口。
-p : 是容器内部端口绑定到指定的主机端口。
设置镜像标签
runoob@runoob:~$ docker tag 860c279d2fec runoob/centos:dev
镜像ID 860c279d2fec
新的标签名(tag) runoob/centos:dev
经常要使用docker exec -it containerID bash 进入docker内部进行一些操作，干脆把它写成shell脚本节省时间。
# 查看需要操作的容器id
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE
9cf7b563f689 hello.demo.kdemo:v160525.202747
# indocker.sh 内容如下
docker exec -t -i $1 /bin/bash
# 执行indocker.sh进入docker
./indocker.sh 9cf7b563f689
部署流程基本步骤：
– docker search 查询对应版本
– sudo docker search key_words
– docker pull 拉取对应镜像
– sudo docker pull images_name
– docker run -it images_name bash 创建container,执行命令
– docker exec -it container_id bash 在现有的container执行命令
– 安装程序需要的安装包
– which pip3
– pip3 install package_name
– sudo docker commit container_id commit_name 提交安装好的软件的容器变为images
– sudo docker run -it -p port1:port2 –name containername1 -v /filepath:/filepath -w /filepath images_name bash 生成需要的容器
其他命令：
– sudo docker stop container_id 停止运行的容器
– sudo docker rm container_id 删除之前处理的容器(如果容器正在运行需要stop)
– docker images 查看对应images
– sudo docker rmi images_id 删除镜像(需要先删除关联的container)
sudo docker run -d -p 8080:80 –name static_web jamtur01/static_web nginx -g “dameon off;” # 将容器中的80端口，绑定到宿主机的8080端口
0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp frosty_ptolemy # 本地主机的 8080 端口被映射到了容器的 80 端口
查找Docker Hub上的python镜像
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker search python NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED python Python is an interpreted,... 982 [OK] kaggle/python Docker image for Python... 33 [OK] azukiapp/python Docker image to run Python ... 3 [OK] vimagick/python mini python 2 [OK] tsuru/python Image for the Python ... 2 [OK] pandada8/alpine-python An alpine based python image 1 [OK] 1science/python Python Docker images based on ... 1 [OK] lucidfrontier45/python-uwsgi Python with uWSGI 1 [OK] orbweb/python Python image 1 [OK] pathwar/python Python template for Pathwar levels 1 [OK] rounds/10m-python Python, setuptools and pip. 0 [OK] ruimashita/python ubuntu 14.04 python 0 [OK] tnanba/python Python on CentOS-7 image. 0 [OK]
这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为3.5
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker pull python:3.5
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为python,标签为3.5的镜像。
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker images python:3.5 REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE python 3.5 045767ddf24a 9 days ago 684.1 MB
创建Dockerfile
首先，创建目录python,用于存放后面的相关东西。
runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/python ~/python/myapp
myapp目录将映射为python容器配置的应用目录
进入创建的python目录，创建Dockerfile
FROM buildpack-deps:jessie # remove several traces of debian python RUN apt-get purge -y python.* # http://bugs.python.org/issue19846 # > At the moment, setting "LANG=C" on a Linux system *fundamentally breaks Python 3*, and that's not OK. ENV LANG C.UTF-8 # gpg: key F73C700D: public key "Larry Hastings <larry@hastings.org>" imported ENV GPG_KEY 97FC712E4C024BBEA48A61ED3A5CA953F73C700D ENV PYTHON_VERSION 3.5.1 # if this is called "PIP_VERSION", pip explodes with "ValueError: invalid truth value '<VERSION>'" ENV PYTHON_PIP_VERSION 8.1.2 RUN set -ex \ && curl -fSL "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${PYTHON_VERSION%%[a-z]*}/Python-$PYTHON_VERSION.tar.xz" -o python.tar.xz \ && curl -fSL "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${PYTHON_VERSION%%[a-z]*}/Python-$PYTHON_VERSION.tar.xz.asc" -o python.tar.xz.asc \ && export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \ && gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$GPG_KEY" \ && gpg --batch --verify python.tar.xz.asc python.tar.xz \ && rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" python.tar.xz.asc \ && mkdir -p /usr/src/python \ && tar -xJC /usr/src/python --strip-components=1 -f python.tar.xz \ && rm python.tar.xz \ \ && cd /usr/src/python \ && ./configure --enable-shared --enable-unicode=ucs4 \ && make -j$(nproc) \ && make install \ && ldconfig \ && pip3 install --no-cache-dir --upgrade --ignore-installed pip==$PYTHON_PIP_VERSION \ && find /usr/local -depth \ \( \ \( -type d -a -name test -o -name tests \) \ -o \ \( -type f -a -name '*.pyc' -o -name '*.pyo' \) \ \) -exec rm -rf '{}' + \ && rm -rf /usr/src/python ~/.cache # make some useful symlinks that are expected to exist RUN cd /usr/local/bin \ && ln -s easy_install-3.5 easy_install \ && ln -s idle3 idle \ && ln -s pydoc3 pydoc \ && ln -s python3 python \ && ln -s python3-config python-config CMD ["python3"]
通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker build -t python:3.5 .
创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker images python:3.5 REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE python 3.5 045767ddf24a 9 days ago 684.1 MB
在~/python/myapp目录下创建一个 helloworld.py 文件，代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/python print("Hello, World!");
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker run -v $PWD/myapp:/usr/src/myapp -w /usr/src/myapp python:3.5 python helloworld.py
命令说明：
-v $PWD/myapp:/usr/src/myapp :将主机中当前目录下的myapp挂载到容器的/usr/src/myapp
-w /usr/src/myapp :指定容器的/usr/src/myapp目录为工作目录
python helloworld.py :使用容器的python命令来执行工作目录中的helloworld.py文件
输出结果：
Hello, World!
查找Docker Hub上的tomcat镜像
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker search tomcat NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementa... 744 [OK] dordoka/tomcat Ubuntu 14.04, Oracle JDK 8 and Tomcat 8 ba... 19 [OK] consol/tomcat-7.0 Tomcat 7.0.57, 8080, "admin/admin" 16 [OK] consol/tomcat-8.0 Tomcat 8.0.15, 8080, "admin/admin" 14 [OK] cloudesire/tomcat Tomcat server, 6/7/8 8 [OK] davidcaste/alpine-tomcat Apache Tomcat 7/8 using Oracle Java 7/8 wi... 6 [OK] andreptb/tomcat Debian Jessie based image with Apache Tomc... 4 [OK] kieker/tomcat 2 [OK] fbrx/tomcat Minimal Tomcat image based on Alpine Linux 2 [OK] jtech/tomcat Latest Tomcat production distribution on l... 1 [OK]
这里我们拉取官方的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker pull tomcat
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为tomcat的镜像。
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker images|grep tomcat tomcat latest 70f819d3d2d9 7 days ago 335.8 MB
创建Dockerfile
首先，创建目录tomcat,用于存放后面的相关东西。
runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/tomcat/webapps ~/tomcat/logs ~/tomcat/conf
webapps目录将映射为tomcat容器配置的应用程序目录
logs目录将映射为tomcat容器的日志目录
conf目录里的配置文件将映射为tomcat容器的配置文件
进入创建的tomcat目录，创建Dockerfile
FROM openjdk:8-jre ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/tomcat ENV PATH $CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH RUN mkdir -p "$CATALINA_HOME" WORKDIR $CATALINA_HOME # let "Tomcat Native" live somewhere isolated ENV TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR $CATALINA_HOME/native-jni-lib ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:}$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR # runtime dependencies for Tomcat Native Libraries # Tomcat Native 1.2+ requires a newer version of OpenSSL than debian:jessie has available # > checking OpenSSL library version >= 1.0.2... # > configure: error: Your version of OpenSSL is not compatible with this version of tcnative # see http://tomcat.10.x6.nabble.com/VOTE-Release-Apache-Tomcat-8-0-32-tp5046007p5046024.html (and following discussion) # and https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/pull/31 ENV OPENSSL_VERSION 1.1.0f-3+deb9u2 RUN set -ex; \ currentVersion="$(dpkg-query --show --showformat '${Version}\n' openssl)"; \ if dpkg --compare-versions "$currentVersion" '<<' "$OPENSSL_VERSION"; then \ if ! grep -q stretch /etc/apt/sources.list; then \ # only add stretch if we're not already building from within stretch { \ echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch main'; \ echo 'deb http://security.debian.org stretch/updates main'; \ echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates main'; \ } > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/stretch.list; \ { \ # add a negative "Pin-Priority" so that we never ever get packages from stretch unless we explicitly request them echo 'Package: *'; \ echo 'Pin: release n=stretch*'; \ echo 'Pin-Priority: -10'; \ echo; \ # ... except OpenSSL, which is the reason we're here echo 'Package: openssl libssl*'; \ echo "Pin: version $OPENSSL_VERSION"; \ echo 'Pin-Priority: 990'; \ } > /etc/apt/preferences.d/stretch-openssl; \ fi; \ apt-get update; \ apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends openssl="$OPENSSL_VERSION"; \ rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \ fi RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \ libapr1 \ && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* # see https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/KEYS # see also "update.sh" (https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/blob/master/update.sh) ENV GPG_KEYS 05AB33110949707C93A279E3D3EFE6B686867BA6 07E48665A34DCAFAE522E5E6266191C37C037D42 47309207D818FFD8DCD3F83F1931D684307A10A5 541FBE7D8F78B25E055DDEE13C370389288584E7 61B832AC2F1C5A90F0F9B00A1C506407564C17A3 713DA88BE50911535FE716F5208B0AB1D63011C7 79F7026C690BAA50B92CD8B66A3AD3F4F22C4FED 9BA44C2621385CB966EBA586F72C284D731FABEE A27677289986DB50844682F8ACB77FC2E86E29AC A9C5DF4D22E99998D9875A5110C01C5A2F6059E7 DCFD35E0BF8CA7344752DE8B6FB21E8933C60243 F3A04C595DB5B6A5F1ECA43E3B7BBB100D811BBE F7DA48BB64BCB84ECBA7EE6935CD23C10D498E23 ENV TOMCAT_MAJOR 8 ENV TOMCAT_VERSION 8.5.32 ENV TOMCAT_SHA512 fc010f4643cb9996cad3812594190564d0a30be717f659110211414faf8063c61fad1f18134154084ad3ddfbbbdb352fa6686a28fbb6402d3207d4e0a88fa9ce ENV TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS \ # https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/INFRA-8753?focusedCommentId=14735394#comment-14735394 https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz \ # if the version is outdated, we might have to pull from the dist/archive :/ https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz \ https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz \ https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz ENV TOMCAT_ASC_URLS \ https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc \ # not all the mirrors actually carry the .asc files :'( https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc \ https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc \ https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc RUN set -eux; \ \ savedAptMark="$(apt-mark showmanual)"; \ apt-get update; \ \ apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends gnupg dirmngr; \ \ export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)"; \ for key in $GPG_KEYS; do \ gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$key"; \ done; \ \ apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends wget ca-certificates; \ \ success=; \ for url in $TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS; do \ if wget -O tomcat.tar.gz "$url"; then \ success=1; \ break; \ fi; \ done; \ [ -n "$success" ]; \ \ echo "$TOMCAT_SHA512 *tomcat.tar.gz" | sha512sum -c -; \ \ success=; \ for url in $TOMCAT_ASC_URLS; do \ if wget -O tomcat.tar.gz.asc "$url"; then \ success=1; \ break; \ fi; \ done; \ [ -n "$success" ]; \ \ gpg --batch --verify tomcat.tar.gz.asc tomcat.tar.gz; \ tar -xvf tomcat.tar.gz --strip-components=1; \ rm bin/*.bat; \ rm tomcat.tar.gz*; \ rm -rf "$GNUPGHOME"; \ \ nativeBuildDir="$(mktemp -d)"; \ tar -xvf bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz -C "$nativeBuildDir" --strip-components=1; \ apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \ dpkg-dev \ gcc \ libapr1-dev \ libssl-dev \ make \ "openjdk-${JAVA_VERSION%%[.~bu-]*}-jdk=$JAVA_DEBIAN_VERSION" \ ; \ ( \ export CATALINA_HOME="$PWD"; \ cd "$nativeBuildDir/native"; \ gnuArch="$(dpkg-architecture --query DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)"; \ ./configure \ --build="$gnuArch" \ --libdir="$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR" \ --prefix="$CATALINA_HOME" \ --with-apr="$(which apr-1-config)" \ --with-java-home="$(docker-java-home)" \ --with-ssl=yes; \ make -j "$(nproc)"; \ make install; \ ); \ rm -rf "$nativeBuildDir"; \ rm bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz; \ \ # reset apt-mark's "manual" list so that "purge --auto-remove" will remove all build dependencies apt-mark auto '.*' > /dev/null; \ [ -z "$savedAptMark" ] || apt-mark manual $savedAptMark; \ apt-get purge -y --auto-remove -o APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant=false; \ rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \ \ # sh removes env vars it doesn't support (ones with periods) # https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/issues/77 find ./bin/ -name '*.sh' -exec sed -ri 's|^#!/bin/sh$|#!/usr/bin/env bash|' '{}' + # verify Tomcat Native is working properly RUN set -e \ && nativeLines="$(catalina.sh configtest 2>&1)" \ && nativeLines="$(echo "$nativeLines" | grep 'Apache Tomcat Native')" \ && nativeLines="$(echo "$nativeLines" | sort -u)" \ && if ! echo "$nativeLines" | grep 'INFO: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library' >&2; then \ echo >&2 "$nativeLines"; \ exit 1; \ fi EXPOSE 8080 CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]
通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker build -t tomcat .
创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker images|grep tomcat tomcat latest 70f819d3d2d9 7 days ago 335.8 MB
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker run --name tomcat -p 8080:8080 -v $PWD/test:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test -d tomcat acb33fcb4beb8d7f1ebace6f50f5fc204b1dbe9d524881267aa715c61cf75320 runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$
命令说明：
-p 8080:8080：将容器的8080端口映射到主机的8080端口
-v $PWD/test:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test：将主机中当前目录下的test挂载到容器的/test
查看容器启动情况
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES acb33fcb4beb tomcat "catalina.sh run" ... 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp tomcat
通过浏览器访问
查找Docker Hub上的mysql镜像
runoob@runoob:/mysql$ docker search mysql NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati... 2529 [OK] mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea... 161 [OK] centurylink/mysql Image containing mysql. Optimized to be li... 45 [OK] sameersbn/mysql 36 [OK] google/mysql MySQL server for Google Compute Engine 16 [OK] appcontainers/mysql Centos/Debian Based Customizable MySQL Con... 8 [OK] marvambass/mysql MySQL Server based on Ubuntu 14.04 6 [OK] drupaldocker/mysql MySQL for Drupal 2 [OK] azukiapp/mysql Docker image to run MySQL by Azuki - http:... 2 [OK] ...
这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为5.6
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker pull mysql:5.6
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为mysql,标签为5.6的镜像。
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker images |grep mysql mysql 5.6 2c0964ec182a 3 weeks ago 329 MB
创建Dockerfile
首先，创建目录mysql,用于存放后面的相关东西。
runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/mysql/data ~/mysql/logs ~/mysql/conf
data目录将映射为mysql容器配置的数据文件存放路径
logs目录将映射为mysql容器的日志目录
conf目录里的配置文件将映射为mysql容器的配置文件
进入创建的mysql目录，创建Dockerfile
FROM debian:jessie # add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added RUN groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql # add gosu for easy step-down from root ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.7 RUN set -x \ && apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates wget && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \ && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \ && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture).asc" \ && export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \ && gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4 \ && gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu \ && rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc \ && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu \ && gosu nobody true \ && apt-get purge -y --auto-remove ca-certificates wget RUN mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d # FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db: # File::Basename # File::Copy # Sys::Hostname # Data::Dumper RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y perl pwgen --no-install-recommends && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* # gpg: key 5072E1F5: public key "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" imported RUN apt-key adv --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys A4A9406876FCBD3C456770C88C718D3B5072E1F5 ENV MYSQL_MAJOR 5.6 ENV MYSQL_VERSION 5.6.31-1debian8 RUN echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/debian/ jessie mysql-${MYSQL_MAJOR}" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list # the "/var/lib/mysql" stuff here is because the mysql-server postinst doesn't have an explicit way to disable the mysql_install_db codepath besides having a database already "configured" (ie, stuff in /var/lib/mysql/mysql) # also, we set debconf keys to make APT a little quieter RUN { \ echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/data-dir select ''; \ echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password ''; \ echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password ''; \ echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/remove-test-db select false; \ } | debconf-set-selections \ && apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server="${MYSQL_VERSION}" && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \ && rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \ && chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \ # ensure that /var/run/mysqld (used for socket and lock files) is writable regardless of the UID our mysqld instance ends up having at runtime && chmod 777 /var/run/mysqld # comment out a few problematic configuration values # don't reverse lookup hostnames, they are usually another container RUN sed -Ei 's/^(bind-address|log)/#&/' /etc/mysql/my.cnf \ && echo 'skip-host-cache\nskip-name-resolve' | awk '{ print } $1 == "[mysqld]" && c == 0 { c = 1; system("cat") }' /etc/mysql/my.cnf > /tmp/my.cnf \ && mv /tmp/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf VOLUME /var/lib/mysql COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/ RUN ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh # backwards compat ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"] EXPOSE 3306 CMD ["mysqld"]
通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker build -t mysql .
创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker images |grep mysql mysql 5.6 2c0964ec182a 3 weeks ago 329 MB
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mymysql -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6 21cb89213c93d805c5bacf1028a0da7b5c5852761ba81327e6b99bb3ea89930e runoob@runoob:~/mysql$
命令说明：
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES 21cb89213c93 mysql:5.6 "docker-entrypoint.sh" ... 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp mymysql
最新官方MySQL(5.7.19)的docker镜像在创建时映射的配置文件目录有所不同，在此记录并分享给大家：
官方原文：
The MySQL startup configuration is specified in the file
/etc/mysql/my.cnf, and that file in turn includes any files found in the/etc/mysql/conf.ddirectory that end with.cnf. Settings in files in this directory will augment and/or override settings in/etc/mysql/my.cnf. If you want to use a customized MySQL configuration, you can create your alternative configuration file in a directory on the host machine and then mount that directory location as/etc/mysql/conf.dinside themysqlcontainer.大概意思是说：
MySQL(5.7.19)的默认配置文件是 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 文件。如果想要自定义配置，建议向 /etc/mysql/conf.d 目录中创建 .cnf 文件。新建的文件可以任意起名，只要保证后缀名是 cnf 即可。新建的文件中的配置项可以覆盖 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 中的配置项。
具体操作：
首先需要创建将要映射到容器中的目录以及.cnf文件，然后再创建容器
命令说明：
查看容器运行情况
Brian
153***2799@qq.com
1年前 (2017-09-08)
liaozesong
lia***song@yeah.net
参考地址
docker 安装 mysql 8 版本