{"id":104,"date":"2019-02-10T17:48:51","date_gmt":"2019-02-10T09:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/?p=104"},"modified":"2019-02-10T17:48:51","modified_gmt":"2019-02-10T09:48:51","slug":"linux-%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e4%b8%8e%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/?p=104","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u7ba1\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><span class=\"color_h1\">Linux\u00a0<\/span>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u7ba1\u7406<\/h1>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053Linux\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6700\u9876\u7ea7\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a\u6839\u76ee\u5f55 \/\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55\u901a\u8fc7\u6302\u8f7d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u9664\u6302\u8f7d\u53ef\u4ee5\u79fb\u9664\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5148\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u4e0e\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u7531\u6839\u76ee\u5f55 \/ \u5199\u8d77\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a \/usr\/share\/doc \u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/strong><br \/>\n\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7531 \/ \u5199\u8d77\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7531 \/usr\/share\/doc \u8981\u5230 \/usr\/share\/man \u5e95\u4e0b\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\uff1a cd ..\/man \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5566\uff01<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u5904\u7406\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6765\u770b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5904\u7406\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5427\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ls: \u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>cd\uff1a\u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>pwd\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>mkdir\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>rmdir\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>cp: \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>rm: \u79fb\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>mv: \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<em>man [\u547d\u4ee4]<\/em>\u00a0\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5404\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5982 \uff1aman cp\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>ls (\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55)<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c ls \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u88ab\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">aAdfFhilnrRSt<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[--<\/span><span class=\"pln\">color<\/span><span class=\"pun\">={<\/span><span class=\"pln\">never<\/span><span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">auto<\/span><span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\">always<\/span><span class=\"pun\">}]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[--<\/span><span class=\"pln\">full<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">time<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-a \uff1a\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fde\u540c\u9690\u85cf\u6863( \u5f00\u5934\u4e3a . \u7684\u6587\u4ef6) \u4e00\u8d77\u5217\u51fa\u6765(\u5e38\u7528)<\/li>\n<li>-d \uff1a\u4ec5\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e(\u5e38\u7528)<\/li>\n<li>-l \uff1a\u957f\u6570\u636e\u4e32\u5217\u51fa\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u7b49\u6570\u636e\uff1b(\u5e38\u7528)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5c06\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u51fa\u6765(\u542b\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u9690\u85cf\u6863)<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">al <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3>cd (\u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55)<\/h3>\n<p>cd\u662fChange Directory\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7528\u6765\u53d8\u6362\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pln\"> cd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84]<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"com\">#\u4f7f\u7528 mkdir \u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa runoob \u76ee\u5f55<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mkdir runoob\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">#\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5207\u6362\u5230 runoob \u76ee\u5f55<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">runoob<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"com\">#\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5207\u6362\u5230 runoob \u76ee\u5f55<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">.\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">runoob<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"com\"># \u8868\u793a\u56de\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u662f \/root \u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www runoob<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span class=\"com\"># \u8868\u793a\u53bb\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u662f \/root \u7684\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff1b<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">..<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5927\u5bb6\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\u51e0\u6b21\u5e94\u8be5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3 cd \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>pwd (\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55)<\/h3>\n<p>pwd \u662f\u00a0<strong>Print Working Directory<\/strong>\u00a0\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pwd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">P<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"marked\">-P<\/span>\u00a0\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u786e\u5b9e\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u7ed3 (link) \u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a\u5355\u7eaf\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pwd\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root   <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&lt;==<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5566\uff5e<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8fde\u7ed3\u6863\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">var<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">mail   <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&lt;==\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\/<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">var<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">mail<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7ed3\u6863<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www mail<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pwd\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">var<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">mail         <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&lt;==\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www mail<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pwd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">P\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">var<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">spool<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">mail   <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&lt;==\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\uff1f\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">P <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\u5dee\u5f88\u591a\uff5e<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www mail<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">ld <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">var<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">mail\r\nlrwxrwxrwx <\/span><span class=\"lit\">1<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">10<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Sep<\/span>  <span class=\"lit\">4<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">17<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">54<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">var<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">mail <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> spool<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">mail\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\"># \u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e94\u8be5\u77e5\u9053\u4e3a\u5565\u4e86\u5427\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a \/var\/mail \u662f\u8fde\u7ed3\u6863\uff0c\u8fde\u7ed3\u5230 \/var\/spool\/mail <\/span>\r\n<span class=\"com\"># \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a pwd -P \u7684\u9009\u9879\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4ee5\u8fde\u7ed3\u6863\u7684\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u554a\uff01<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3>mkdir (\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55)<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528mkdir (make directory)\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pln\">mkdir <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">mp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-m \uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5594\uff01\u76f4\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u770b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u9650 (umask) \u7684\u8138\u8272\uff5e<\/li>\n<li>-p \uff1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u76ee\u5f55(\u5305\u542b\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55)\u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa\u8d77\u6765\uff01<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a\u8bf7\u5230\/tmp\u5e95\u4e0b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u4e2a\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55\u770b\u770b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">tmp\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mkdir test    <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&lt;==\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u540d\u4e3a<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> test <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\u7684\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mkdir test1<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">test2<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">test3<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">test4\r\nmkdir<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cannot create directory <\/span><span class=\"str\">`test1\/test2\/test3\/test4': \r\nNo such file or directory       &lt;== \u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u521b\u5efa\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u554a\uff01\r\n[root@www tmp]# mkdir -p test1\/test2\/test3\/test4<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u52a0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a -p \u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u5e2e\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u5c42\u76ee\u5f55\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u6743\u9650\u4e3a\u00a0<strong>rwx&#8211;x&#8211;x<\/strong>\u00a0\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mkdir <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">m <\/span><span class=\"lit\">711<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> test2\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">l\r\ndrwxr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x  <\/span><span class=\"lit\">3<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root  root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4096<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">18<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">12<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">50<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> test\r\ndrwxr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x  <\/span><span class=\"lit\">3<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root  root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4096<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">18<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">12<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">53<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> test1\r\ndrwx<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x  <\/span><span class=\"lit\">2<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root  root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4096<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">18<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">12<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">54<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> test2<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6743\u9650\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0\u4e0a -m \u6765\u5f3a\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 -m \uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u4f8b\u6211\u4eec\u7ed9\u4e88 -m 711 \u6765\u7ed9\u4e88\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u5f55 drwx&#8211;x&#8211;x \u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>rmdir (\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55)<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pln\"> rmdir <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">p<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>-p \uff1a<\/strong>\u8fde\u540c\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u300e\u7a7a\u7684\u300f\u76ee\u5f55\u4e5f\u4e00\u8d77\u5220\u9664<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5220\u9664 runoob \u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> rmdir runoob<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u5c06 mkdir \u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u76ee\u5f55(\/tmp \u5e95\u4e0b)\u5220\u9664\u6389\uff01<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ls <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">l   <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&lt;==\u770b\u770b\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u5728\uff1f<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\ndrwxr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x  <\/span><span class=\"lit\">3<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root  root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4096<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">18<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">12<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">50<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> test\r\ndrwxr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">xr<\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x  <\/span><span class=\"lit\">3<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root  root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4096<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">18<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">12<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">53<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> test1\r\ndrwx<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--<\/span><span class=\"pln\">x  <\/span><span class=\"lit\">2<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> root  root <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4096<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jul<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">18<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">12<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"lit\">54<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> test2\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> rmdir test   <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&lt;==\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u6389\uff0c\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> rmdir test1  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&lt;==\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c1a\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u6cd5\u5220\u9664\uff01<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\nrmdir<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span> <span class=\"str\">`test1': Directory not empty\r\n[root@www tmp]# rmdir -p test1\/test2\/test3\/test4\r\n[root@www tmp]# ls -l        &lt;==\u60a8\u770b\u770b\uff0c\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2dtest\u4e0etest1\u4e0d\u89c1\u4e86\uff01\r\ndrwx--x--x  2 root  root 4096 Jul 18 12:54 test2<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u5229\u7528 -p \u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 test1\/test2\/test3\/test4 \u4e00\u6b21\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a rmdir \u4ec5\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 rm \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5220\u9664\u975e\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>cp (\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55)<\/h3>\n<p>cp \u5373\u62f7\u8d1d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cp <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">adfilprsu<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u6765\u6e90\u6863(<\/span><span class=\"pln\">source<\/span><span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u76ee\u6807\u6863(<\/span><span class=\"pln\">destination<\/span><span class=\"pun\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cp <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">options<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> source1 source2 source3 <\/span><span class=\"pun\">....<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> directory<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>-a\uff1a<\/strong>\u76f8\u5f53\u65bc -pdr \u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc pdr \u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4e0b\u5217\u8bf4\u660e\uff1b(\u5e38\u7528)<\/li>\n<li><strong>-d\uff1a<\/strong>\u82e5\u6765\u6e90\u6863\u4e3a\u8fde\u7ed3\u6863\u7684\u5c5e\u6027(link file)\uff0c\u5219\u590d\u5236\u8fde\u7ed3\u6863\u5c5e\u6027\u800c\u975e\u6587\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><strong>-f\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5236(force)\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u82e5\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f00\u542f\uff0c\u5219\u79fb\u9664\u540e\u518d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u6b21\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><strong>-i\uff1a<\/strong>\u82e5\u76ee\u6807\u6863(destination)\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u8986\u76d6\u65f6\u4f1a\u5148\u8be2\u95ee\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u8fdb\u884c(\u5e38\u7528)<\/li>\n<li><strong>-l\uff1a<\/strong>\u8fdb\u884c\u786c\u5f0f\u8fde\u7ed3(hard link)\u7684\u8fde\u7ed3\u6863\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><strong>-p\uff1a<\/strong>\u8fde\u540c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c5e\u6027(\u5907\u4efd\u5e38\u7528)\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><strong>-r\uff1a<\/strong>\u9012\u5f52\u6301\u7eed\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u590d\u5236\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b(\u5e38\u7528)<\/li>\n<li><strong>-s\uff1a<\/strong>\u590d\u5236\u6210\u4e3a\u7b26\u53f7\u8fde\u7ed3\u6863 (symbolic link)\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u300e\u6377\u5f84\u300f\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><strong>-u\uff1a<\/strong>\u82e5 destination \u6bd4 source \u65e7\u624d\u5347\u7ea7 destination \uff01<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7528 root \u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5c06 root \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 .bashrc \u590d\u5236\u5230 \/tmp \u4e0b\uff0c\u5e76\u547d\u540d\u4e3a bashrc<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cp <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~<\/span><span class=\"str\">\/.bashrc \/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cp <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">i <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~<\/span><span class=\"str\">\/.bashrc \/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc\r\ncp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> overwrite <\/span><span class=\"str\">`\/tmp\/bashrc'? n  &lt;==n\u4e0d\u8986\u76d6\uff0cy\u4e3a\u8986\u76d6<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3>rm (\u79fb\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55)<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pln\"> rm <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">fir<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-f \uff1a\u5c31\u662f force \u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>-i \uff1a\u4e92\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u5220\u9664\u524d\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u662f\u5426\u52a8\u4f5c<\/li>\n<li>-r \uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u554a\uff01\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5220\u9664\u4e86\uff01\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5371\u9669\u7684\u9009\u9879\uff01\uff01\uff01<\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5c06\u521a\u521a\u5728 cp \u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7684 bashrc \u5220\u9664\u6389\uff01<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> rm <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">i bashrc\r\nrm<\/span><span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> remove regular file <\/span><span class=\"str\">`bashrc'? y<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u4e0a -i \u7684\u9009\u9879\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u8be2\u95ee\u5594\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f60\u5220\u9664\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6863\u540d\uff01<\/p>\n<h3>mv (\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u540d\u79f0)<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mv <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">fiu<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> source destination\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mv <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">options<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> source1 source2 source3 <\/span><span class=\"pun\">....<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> directory<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-f \uff1aforce \u5f3a\u5236\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u8986\u76d6\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>-i \uff1a\u82e5\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6 (destination) \u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\u662f\u5426\u8986\u76d6\uff01<\/li>\n<li>-u \uff1a\u82e5\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e14 source \u6bd4\u8f83\u65b0\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u5347\u7ea7 (update)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cd <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">tmp\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cp <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~\/.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bashrc bashrc\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mkdir mvtest\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mv bashrc mvtest<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u5c06\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u53bb\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u521a\u521a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0\u66f4\u540d\u4e3a mvtest2<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www tmp<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mv mvtest mvtest2<\/span><\/pre>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b<\/h2>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>cat\u00a0 \u7531\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n<li>tac\u00a0 \u4ece\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa tac \u662f cat \u7684\u5012\u8457\u5199\uff01<\/li>\n<li>nl \u00a0\u00a0\u663e\u793a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u987a\u9053\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u53f7\uff01<\/li>\n<li>more \u4e00\u9875\u4e00\u9875\u7684\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n<li>less \u4e0e more \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6bd4 more \u66f4\u597d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f80\u524d\u7ffb\u9875\uff01<\/li>\n<li>head \u53ea\u770b\u5934\u51e0\u884c<\/li>\n<li>tail \u53ea\u770b\u5c3e\u5df4\u51e0\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<em>man [\u547d\u4ee4]<\/em>\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5404\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5982 \uff1aman cp\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>cat<\/h3>\n<p>\u7531\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pln\">cat <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"typ\">AbEnTv<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-A \uff1a\u76f8\u5f53\u65bc -vET \u7684\u6574\u5408\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7a\u767d\u800c\u5df2\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>-b \uff1a\u5217\u51fa\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u4ec5\u9488\u5bf9\u975e\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\u505a\u884c\u53f7\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\u4e0d\u6807\u884c\u53f7\uff01<\/li>\n<li>-E \uff1a\u5c06\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u65ad\u884c\u5b57\u8282 $ \u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>-n \uff1a\u5217\u5370\u51fa\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u8fde\u540c\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u4e0e -b \u7684\u9009\u9879\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>-T \uff1a\u5c06 [tab] \u6309\u952e\u4ee5 ^I \u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>-v \uff1a\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u68c0\u770b \/etc\/issue \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cat <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">etc<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">issue\r\n<\/span><span class=\"typ\">CentOS<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> release <\/span><span class=\"lit\">6.4<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span><span class=\"typ\">Final<\/span><span class=\"pun\">)<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"typ\">Kernel<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> \\r on an \\m<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3>tac<\/h3>\n<p>tac\u4e0ecat\u547d\u4ee4\u521a\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4ece\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa tac \u662f cat \u7684\u5012\u7740\u5199\uff01\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tac <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">etc<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">issue\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"typ\">Kernel<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> \\r on an \\m\r\n<\/span><span class=\"typ\">CentOS<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> release <\/span><span class=\"lit\">6.4<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span><span class=\"typ\">Final<\/span><span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3>nl<\/h3>\n<p>\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pln\">nl <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">bnw<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-b \uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u884c\u53f7\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<br \/>\n-b a \uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u5217\u51fa\u884c\u53f7(\u7c7b\u4f3c cat -n)\uff1b<br \/>\n-b t \uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7a7a\u884c\uff0c\u7a7a\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u4e0d\u8981\u5217\u51fa\u884c\u53f7(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c)\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>-n \uff1a\u5217\u51fa\u884c\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\uff1a<br \/>\n-n ln \uff1a\u884c\u53f7\u5728\u8367\u5e55\u7684\u6700\u5de6\u65b9\u663e\u793a\uff1b<br \/>\n-n rn \uff1a\u884c\u53f7\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u680f\u4f4d\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u65b9\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u52a0 0 \uff1b<br \/>\n-n rz \uff1a\u884c\u53f7\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u680f\u4f4d\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u65b9\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e14\u52a0 0 \uff1b<\/li>\n<li>-w \uff1a\u884c\u53f7\u680f\u4f4d\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e00\uff1a\u7528 nl \u5217\u51fa \/etc\/issue \u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> nl <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">etc<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">issue\r\n     <\/span><span class=\"lit\">1<\/span>  <span class=\"typ\">CentOS<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> release <\/span><span class=\"lit\">6.4<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span><span class=\"typ\">Final<\/span><span class=\"pun\">)<\/span>\r\n     <span class=\"lit\">2<\/span>  <span class=\"typ\">Kernel<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> \\r on an \\m<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3>more<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u9875\u4e00\u9875\u7ffb\u52a8<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> more <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">etc<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">man<\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">config\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">#<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"com\"># Generated automatically from man.conf.in by the<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"com\"># configure script.<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"com\">#<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"com\"># man.conf from man-1.6d<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">....(\u4e2d\u95f4\u7701\u7565)....<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">--<\/span><span class=\"typ\">More<\/span><span class=\"pun\">--(<\/span><span class=\"lit\">28<\/span><span class=\"pun\">%)<\/span>  <span class=\"pun\">&lt;==<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5594\uff01\u4f60\u7684\u5149\u6807\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b49\u5f85\u4f60\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728 more \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u6309\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7a7a\u767d\u952e (space)\uff1a\u4ee3\u8868\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u4e00\u9875\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>Enter\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \uff1a\u4ee3\u8868\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u300e\u4e00\u884c\u300f\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\/\u5b57\u4e32\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \uff1a\u4ee3\u8868\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u5bfb\u300e\u5b57\u4e32\u300f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>:f\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \uff1a\u7acb\u523b\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6863\u540d\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ee\u524d\u663e\u793a\u7684\u884c\u6570\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>q\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \uff1a\u4ee3\u8868\u7acb\u523b\u79bb\u5f00 more \uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u663e\u793a\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<li>b \u6216 [ctrl]-b \uff1a\u4ee3\u8868\u5f80\u56de\u7ffb\u9875\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u52a8\u4f5c\u53ea\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ba1\u7ebf\u65e0\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>less<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u9875\u4e00\u9875\u7ffb\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f93\u51fa\/etc\/man.config\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> less <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">etc<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">man<\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">config\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">#<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"com\"># Generated automatically from man.conf.in by the<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"com\"># configure script.<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"com\">#<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"com\"># man.conf from man-1.6d<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">....(\u4e2d\u95f4\u7701\u7565)....<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">:<\/span>   <span class=\"pun\">&lt;==<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b49\u5f85\u4f60\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff01<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>less\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7a7a\u767d\u952e\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uff1a\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u52a8\u4e00\u9875\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>[pagedown]\uff1a\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u52a8\u4e00\u9875\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>[pageup]\u00a0\u00a0\uff1a\u5411\u4e0a\u7ffb\u52a8\u4e00\u9875\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\/\u5b57\u4e32\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uff1a\u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u5bfb\u300e\u5b57\u4e32\u300f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>?\u5b57\u4e32\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uff1a\u5411\u4e0a\u641c\u5bfb\u300e\u5b57\u4e32\u300f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \uff1a\u91cd\u590d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u5bfb (\u4e0e \/ \u6216 ? \u6709\u5173\uff01)<\/li>\n<li>N\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \uff1a\u53cd\u5411\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u5bfb (\u4e0e \/ \u6216 ? \u6709\u5173\uff01)<\/li>\n<li>q\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \uff1a\u79bb\u5f00 less \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>head<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d6\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u9762\u51e0\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pln\">head <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">n number<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-n \uff1a\u540e\u9762\u63a5\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u663e\u793a\u51e0\u884c\u7684\u610f\u601d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> head <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">etc<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">man<\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">config<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u524d\u9762 10 \u884c\uff01\u82e5\u8981\u663e\u793a\u524d 20 \u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> head <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">n <\/span><span class=\"lit\">20<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">etc<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">man<\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">config<\/span><\/pre>\n<h3>tail<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d6\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u9762\u51e0\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pln\">tail <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">n number<\/span><span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-n \uff1a\u540e\u9762\u63a5\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u663e\u793a\u51e0\u884c\u7684\u610f\u601d<\/li>\n<li>-f \uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6301\u7eed\u4fa6\u6d4b\u540e\u9762\u6240\u63a5\u7684\u6863\u540d\uff0c\u8981\u7b49\u5230\u6309\u4e0b[ctrl]-c\u624d\u4f1a\u7ed3\u675ftail\u7684\u4fa6\u6d4b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\"><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tail <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">etc<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">man<\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">config\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\"># \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5341\u884c\uff01\u82e5\u8981\u663e\u793a\u6700\u540e\u7684 20 \u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/span>\r\n<span class=\"pun\">[<\/span><span class=\"pln\">root@www <\/span><span class=\"pun\">~]#<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tail <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span><span class=\"pln\">n <\/span><span class=\"lit\">20<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">etc<\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">man<\/span><span class=\"pun\">.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">config<\/span><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u7ba1\u7406 \u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053Linux\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6700\u9876\u7ea7\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a\u6839\u76ee\u5f55 \/\u3002 \u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55\u901a\u8fc7\u6302 &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/?p=104\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201cLinux \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u7ba1\u7406\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-liunx-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=104"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":105,"href":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104\/revisions\/105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=104"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=104"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b.yesiyu.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=104"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}